FFPE, Frozen, and LCM Sample Analysis Services: DNA, RNA, Protein Extraction & More

At VitroVivo, a leading histology and molecular histopathology company, we offer comprehensive FFPE (Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded), Frozen, and Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) sample analysis services. Our expert team of biomedical scientists provides high-quality services to accelerate your research, including:

• DNA, RNA/miRNA, and Protein Extraction: Efficient isolation from FFPE tissues, frozen tissues, and LCM samples.
• PCR and RT-PCR: Reliable amplification and analysis for gene expression and genetic studies.

Our services are designed to streamline your research projects and enhance the accuracy of your molecular studies. For more information or to request services, please contact us at service@vitrovivo.com.

Histopathological Interpretation and Reporting by Board-Certified Pathologists

At VitroVivo, we provide expert histopathological interpretation and microscopic analysis by Board-Certified Pathologists. Our services include:

• Detailed Histopathological Interpretation and Description: Expert analysis of tissue samples under the microscope.
• General Experimental Pathology: Comprehensive reporting and description of pathology findings.
• Slide Review for FISH, IHC/IF, and Histochemistry: In-depth examination and interpretation of molecular and histochemical assays.
• Histo/Pathological Descriptions for Publication: High-quality, publication-ready descriptions tailored for research and academic purposes.

Our pathologists deliver precise and reliable histopathological interpretations to support your research, diagnostics, and publication needs. Contact us for professional and accurate pathological analysis services.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) 

FAQ 1. What kind of samples or material should I prepare for slide review?

VitroVivo acceptes wet tissue, frozen samples, FFPE blocks, OCT blocks, unstained slides, stained slides for histology and pathology review or  microscopic description. We also accept high quality whole slide microscope images. If necessary, we can perform the rest of the  experiment for histopathology review.

FAQ 2. Do you review animal slides or human tissue slides?

Our pathologists review both human and animal tissue slides.

Histopathology Imaging and Analysis Services: High-Quality Slide Scanning & Visual Scoring

At VitroVivo, we offer comprehensive Histopathology Image and Analysis Services, including:

• High-Quality Whole Slide Scanning: Digital images of tissue samples for precise analysis.
• Histology and Molecular Histopathology Analysis: Visual scoring for IHC (Immunohistochemistry), IF (Immunofluorescence), FISH/ISH (Fluorescence/In Situ Hybridization), and TUNEL assays.
• Delineation of Tissue Regions of Interest: Accurate identification and analysis of key tissue areas for targeted research.

Our advanced services provide reliable and detailed histopathology data to support your biomedical research and diagnostic needs. Contact us today to learn more about our high-quality imaging and analysis solutions.

 

 

 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) 

FAQ 1. What are serial sections and why are they important?

Any of several microscopic sections made and arranged in consecutive order are called serial section. A continuous series of sections reveal structures in three dimensions (3D).

FAQ 2. What is step sectioning?

Step sectioning means taking a section and putting it on a slide, then shaving into the tissue a set distance, perhaps 100 microns or 500 microns, before taking the next section, and repeating this process. The result is a series of slides that show sections in “steps” or increments through the tissue.

FAQ 3. How do I prepare bone samples for tissue processing?

1. fixation ( see “Routine FFPE Histology Services”, FAQ 1)
2. After fixation, you can perform decalcification or you can send to VitroVivo for decalcification
3. Method of decalcificationa:

a. Quick decalcification for H&E staing or histology special staining: Immerse tissue cassette in 11% formic acid with a stir bar overnight in a fume hood, Rinse in running water for 30- 60 minutes (the smell should be gone).
b. Slow EDTA decalcification for Immumostaining:  Fixed specimens are rinsed in old EDTA decal solution before placing in Decal Bath. Solution must be stirred continuously. Decal time for mouse bone samples are as follows: Calvaria: 7 days; Arm or legs: 14 days.

FAQ 4. How do I make EDTA decalcification Solution?

Make Solution Recipe (4 Liter):  Distilled Water  3 L; Hydroxide, concentrated 280 ml; EDTA (FW 292.2) 400 gm
Dilute 280 ml of concentrated Ammonium Hydroxide in 3L of distilled water. Add 400gm of EDTA and stir till dissolved. Add more concentrated ammonium hydroxide until pH is 7.2. Add more water to make the final volume 4L.

FAQ 5. How do I prepare 2D culture cell samples for making FFPE blocks?

1. The volume of the packed cell pellet ideally needs to be approximately 0.5 mL. This requires approximately four 75 cm2 sized flasks, or two 150 cm2 flasks of near-confluent cell culture. Less material will result in a size-limited preparation, but this may be sufficient of only a few procedures are expected to be run.
2. Scrape the cells: For adherent monolayer cells, do not trypsinize, as this may destroy cell-surface protein markers. Working quickly, pull the flasks from the incubator, and scrape the cells into the media. Transfer to a sterile 50 mL polypropylene centrifuge tube. Spin at room temperature for five minutes in swinging bucket centrifuge (setting 3 for 5 minutes in a standard clinical centrifuge, or approximately 200 x g).
3. If using suspension cells, pellet 50 ml of cell culture supernatant in 50 ml conical tubes at 500xg for 10 min.
4. Fixation: Aspirate media off cell pellet. Very slowly, add 20 ml neutral buffered formalin or zinc formalin (4º C) (contact the VitroVivo Biotech if you require this reagent), letting it flow gently down the side of the tube, in order not to disturb the pellet. You may re-centrifuge if the cell pellet is disturbed. The cells need to fix overnight at 4º C in formalin. You may bring the cell preparation the day of preparation, or after overnight incubation.
5. If delivery of the preparation cannot be made within 24 hours of the start of fixation, remove the formalin and replace with 20 ml of 70% EtOH WITHOUT re-suspending the pellet. This will act as a non-crosslinking preservative, and the cells can be kept this way indefinitely at 4 º C. Do NOT freeze the cells.

FAQ 6. How do I prepare 3D culture cell samples for making FFPE blocks?

1. If the 3D culture cells are suspension sphere cells, the cell preparation is same as 2D culture cell (see  FAQ3).
2. If the 3 D culture cells grow on membrane ( such as PET membrane), cells should be fixed with 10% neutral buffered formalin for 30 min, then remove the formalin and replace with 70% EtOH.
3. We will cut the membrane into 2-4 pieces and embed them in agarose gel for routine tissue processing.

Flow Chat: From 3D Culture Cells to Digital Images

VitroVivo Molecular Histopathology Services – Advanced Tissue Analysis for Biomedical Research

VitroVivo Biotech offers cutting-edge molecular histopathology services, providing comprehensive technical and professional support for biomedical research, pathology, and molecular investigations. Our specialized services enable precise protein, RNA, and DNA analysis within tissue samples, supporting cancer research, neuroscience, developmental biology, and more.

Our Molecular Histopathology Services

🔬 Immunohistochemistry (IHC) – High-sensitivity protein detection in tissue sections.
🧪 Immunofluorescence (IF) Staining – Single or double antibody staining for cellular and molecular imaging.
🧬 Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) – DNA probe-based detection for gene amplification, deletion, or chromosomal abnormalities.
📌 In Situ RNA Hybridization (ISH) – Detection of mRNA, lncRNA, or microRNA, including RNAscope® ISH assays for high-resolution gene expression analysis.
💀 In Situ Apoptosis Detection (TUNEL Assay) – Identification of cell death in tissue samples.
🧩 In Situ BrdU or EdU Cell Proliferation Assay – Visualization of actively dividing cells.
🔄 In Situ Autophagy Detection Assay – Analysis of autophagy-related cellular processes.

Why Choose VitroVivo for Molecular Histopathology?

✅ State-of-the-Art Techniques – Advanced methodologies for high-quality, reproducible results.
✅ Customizable Solutions – Tailored services to meet specific research and diagnostic needs.
✅ Expert Support – Experienced histopathology specialists ensuring precision and reliability.

📩 Contact VitroVivo Biotech today to discuss your molecular histopathology service needs and receive expert support for your research!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

FAQ 1 How do you design molecular histopathology experiment?

All of the molecular histopathology experiment will include positive control, negative control, and experiment samples. VitroVivo guarantees positive control works well to the intended standard.

FAQ 2. Should I send primary antibody to VitroVivo for IHC or IF services?

In general, we prefer that customers provide primary antibodies for IHC and IF services. VitroVivo will provide other reagents for IHC and IF experiments. If the primary antibodies have been validated by VitroVivo, we are happy to use our antibodies.

FAQ 3. Do I need to prepare probes for  in situ hybridization services?

Yes, you need to prepare probes. VitroVivo provides other reagents.

FAQ 4. What do I need to prepare for TUNEL, In Situ BrdU or EdU cell proliferation assay and  In Situ autophagy detection assay​​?

You only need to send the samples to us.

FAQ 5, Does VitroVivo also provide human or animal samples?

Yes, We have customized sample collection services available.

IHC & ISH Images

VitroVivo Special Staining Services – Expert Tissue Staining for Research & Diagnostics

VitroVivo Biotech provides special staining services designed to enhance tissue visualization beyond standard Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining. Special stains help identify specific tissue structures, cellular components, microorganisms, metals, salts, and more that are not easily detected by routine staining.

What Are Special Stains?

🔬 Beyond H&E Staining – Special stains use advanced techniques to differentiate specific tissue components.
🧪 Precision & Customization – Essential for research, pathology, and clinical diagnostics.
🧬 Diverse Applications – Supports studies in histology, microbiology, and molecular biology.

Types of Special Stains

Special stains can be categorized into different groups based on their application:
✔ Histological Stains – Identify structural components within tissue.
✔ Microbial Stains – Detect bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms.
✔ Histochemical Stains – Highlight specific biomolecules, metals, and deposits.
✔ Advanced Stains – Includes immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) for protein and DNA/RNA analysis.

VitroVivo Special Staining Services

We offer a range of high-quality special stains using standardized protocols:

✅ Mammary Gland Whole Mount Staining
✅ Alcian Blue Hematoxylin/Orange G Staining
✅ Oil Red O Staining (for lipid detection)
✅ Modified Gomori’s Trichrome Staining (for muscle and connective tissues)
✅ Bielschowsky’s Silver Staining (for neural structures)
✅ Masson’s Trichrome Staining (for collagen fibers)
✅ Picro-Sirius Red Staining (for collagen analysis)
✅ Reticulum Staining (for reticular fibers)
✅ Custom Special Stains – Available upon request.

DIY Special Staining Kits

Prefer to perform staining in your own lab? VitroVivo offers special stain kits for self-use, ensuring high-quality and reproducible results.

📩 Contact us at service@vitrovivo.com for inquiries, pricing, or custom staining solutions tailored to your research needs!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

FAQ 1. What is a special stain?

Any stain, other than an H&E stain, is classified as a special stain. The common special stains include mammary gland whole mount stain, alcian blue hematoxylin-orange G stain, alcian blue stain, alcian blue – PAS stain, oil red O stain, Nissl stain, Bielschowsky’s silver stain and Masson’s trichrome stain, etc. For more information, please visit our website page of Histochemical Stain Kits and Image Gallery.

FAQ 2. How do I choose VitroVivo special staining services?

This table gives you a guidance of the choice of special staining methods or kits (if you want to perform staining by your self). If you can not find the staining methods from this table, please send your email to  service@vitrovivo.com for inquiry, our service team will get back to you as soon as possible.

Product Name	SKU#	Visualization for	Typical Results
Hematoxylin and Eosin Kit	VB-3000	General morphology of tissue and cell	Sharp blue nucleus and red cytoplasm staining
Mammary Gland Whole Mount Stain Kit	VB-3001	Wholemount staining of mouse mammary glands	Mouse mammary glands stain red
Alcian Blue Hematoxylin-Orange G Stain Kit	VB-3002	Differentiate cartilage, mature bone, and immature bone found in various stages of endochondral ossification and fracture callus​	Bone:  orange to red Activated osteocytes:  bright blue pericellular ring Growth plate:  pale blue to blue Cartilage:  blue/purple (GAG/proteoglycan) Erythrocytes: bright pink Soft tissues (muscle, tendon, membranes):  pink to red Bone marrow:  dark blue
Alcian Blue Stain Kit	VB-3003	Tisssue mucosubstances	Strongly acidic sulfated mucosubstances: blue Nuclei: pink to red Cytoplasm: pale pink
PAS Stain Kit	VB-3004	Glycogen, mucin, and fungi	Glycogen, mucin and some basement membranes: red/purple Fungi: red/purple Background: blue
Alcian Blue – PAS Stain Kit	VB-3005	Acidic and neutral mucins as well as mixtures of acidic and neutral mucins	Acidic mucins: blue Neutral mucins: magenta mixtures of above:blue/purple nuclei: deep blue
Luxol Fast Blue Stain Kit	VB-3006	Myelin including phospholipids and neurons	Myelin including phospholipids: blue to green Neuron: pink to violet
Oil Red O Stain Kit	VB-3007	lipid and fat staining on formalin fixed frozen sections	Lipid: red Nuclei:blue
Alizarin Red Stain Kit	VB-3008	Calcium on tissue sections	Calcium deposits: orange-red
Prussian Blue Stain Kit	VB-3009	Ferric iron on tissue sections	Iron (hemosiderin): blue Nuclei: red Background: pink
Nissl Stain Kit	VB-3010	Neuron Nissl body	Neuron (Nissl body):pink-violet
Congo Red Amyloid Stain Kit	VB-3011	Amyloid deposits	Amyloid, elastic fibers, eosinophil granules: red Nuclei: blue
Sudan Black B Lipid Stain Kit	VB-3012	Lipid and fat	Fat: blue or black Nuclei: red
Toluidine Blue Stain Kit	VB-3013	Mast cells	Mast cells: violet/red purple Background: blue
Modified Gomori’s Trichrome Stain Kit	VB-3014	Connective fiber	Nuclei: dark blue Muscle myofibrils: green-blue Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum stain: red Connective tissue stains: pale green-blue Myelin stains: purple red Type 1 fibers stain: darker blue/green as compared to type 2 fibers
Bielschowsky’s Silver Stain Kit	VB-3015	Axons, neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques	Axons, neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques: black Background: yellow to brown
Masson’s Trichrome Stain Kit	VB-3016	Collagen and mucus	Cytoplasm, keratin, muscle fibers, Erythrocytes:red Nuclei: black Collagen and mucus: blue
Picro-Sirius Red Stain Kit	VB-3017	Collagen fibers	Collagen: red Muscle Fibers: yellow Cytoplasm: yellow
Reticulum Stain Kit	VB-3018	Reticular fibers	Reticular fibers:black Nuclei: red
Verhoeff Van Gieson Elastin Stain Kit	VB-3019	Elastic fibers	Elastic fibers: blue-black to black Nuclei: blue to black Collagen: red Other tissue elements: yellow
Fontana-Masson Stain Kit	VB-3020	Melanin pigment and argentaffin granules	Melanin and argentaffin granules: Brown to black. Nuclei: Pink

FAQ 4. How can I store my OCT blocks?

The frozen blocks can be temporarily stored in dry ice. Transfer the blocks to a liquid nitrogen storage tank (Years) or -80°C freezer (Months).The sample should never be thaw unless there is specific requirement.

VitroVivo Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) Services – Precise Cell Isolation for Advanced Research

Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM), also known as Laser Microdissection (LMD), is a contact-free and contamination-free technique that enables the precise isolation of specific cells or tissue areas from a wide range of biological samples. This powerful method provides high accuracy and efficiency, making it ideal for genomic, proteomic, and cellular analysis.

VitroVivo’s LCM/LMD Services

VitroVivo Biotech offers advanced Laser Capture Microdissection services to support your research needs. By isolating individual cells or specific regions of tissue, we enable downstream analysis with unmatched precision for applications like next-generation sequencing, PCR, proteomics, and gene expression studies.

Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM/LMD) Applications

• Frozen & FFPE Sample LCM/LMD – Isolation from both frozen and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples.
• Immunoguided LCM/LMD – Targeted isolation based on immunohistochemical markers.
• Live Cell Microdissection – Extraction of live cells for cloning, reculturing, or functional studies.
• Plant Cell LCM/LMD – Isolation of plant tissue cells for molecular research.
• Downstream Analysis – DNA, RNA, and protein extraction from dissected samples for genomic and proteomic analysis.

Advantages of LCM/LMD

✅ Contact-Free and Contamination-Free – Minimizes contamination risk and preserves sample integrity.
✅ High Precision – Laser cutting width of less than 1 µm ensures minimal disruption to surrounding tissue.
✅ Live Cell Viability – Isolate live cells without damaging them, enabling cloning and reculturing.
✅ Preserved Sample Quality – No alteration to the morphology or chemistry of isolated cells, making it ideal for DNA, RNA, and protein analysis.

Why Choose VitroVivo for LCM/LMD Services?

• State-of-the-Art Technology – Advanced laser capture microdissection techniques for accurate and reliable results.
• Experienced Professionals – Skilled technicians providing precise isolation for complex research needs.
• Custom Solutions – Tailored services for biomedical research, plant studies, and more.

📩 Contact VitroVivo Biotech today for Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM/LMD) services to elevate your research with high-quality cell isolation and analysis.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) 

FAQ 1. What is Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) or Laser Microdissection (LMD) and its downstream applications ?

LCM or LMD is a method to isolate specific single cells or entire areas of tissue from a wide variety of tissue samples under direct microscopic visualization. LCM or LMD technology can harvest the cells of interest directly or can isolate specific cells by cutting away unwanted cells to generate histologically pure enriched cell populations. A variety of downstream applications exist: DNA genotyping and loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH) analysis, RNA transcript profiling, cDNA library generation, proteomics discovery and signal-pathway profiling.

FAQ 2. How do I prepare frozen sections for Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM/LMD)?

1. General Guidelines for Specimen Preparation: Tissue should be cut  and pieces frozen as soon as possible upon removal from the body or after death. RNase-Free conditions should be applied at all times during handling of tissues and sections.
2. RNase-Free Technique: a). Wear disposable gloves and change frequently ; b). Use new or clean instruments between each animal or patient specimen; c). Use RNase-free or Nuclease free solutions, glassware and plasticware; d). Use RNase AWAY® or similar product to clean equipment
3. Frozen Tissue Preparation: a). Tissues should be frozen in OCT or a similar product; b). Place a small amount of OCT on bottom of cryomold making sure there are no bubbles; c).Place tissue in the mold oriented such that the histologic region of interest is cut en face; d). Fill the mold with OCT to completely cover the mold making sure there are no bubbles (i.e. place OCT going from center to the periphery of the mold.
4. Preferred Freezing Methods: a). Isopentane cooled over liquid Nitrogen; b). Isopentane cooled with dry ice; c). Other Freezing Methods: Dry Ice Alone (not optimal, slow) , Liquid Nitrogen (not optimal, sectioning difficulties) , Cryostat (NO!!!)
   Note: Tissues can be sectioned immediately or stored in a –70C freezer
5. Frozen Tissue Sectioning: a).Gloves must be worn at all times; b).Cryostat must be cleaned prior to use. All surfaces must be wiped down with 95-100% ethanol, especially knife holder and anti-roll plate. c). Recommended Section thickness: LCM alone=8-10µm.  d). Mount sections onto slides at room temperature. After mounting the sections should be frozen as quickly as possible by placing directly on dry ice. SLIDES MUST REMAIN COLD!!! e). For mounting of sections onto frame membrane slides refer to Arcturus Protocol; f). Use separate areas of the microtome blade for each specimen; g). Sections can be stored in a slide box in a –70ºC freezer until further processing.
6. General Staining Guidelines: a). Total staining time should be as short as possible; b). Staining dishes should be nuclease free; c). Staining solutions should be dedicated for use with LCM samples; d). Solutions are prepared with nuclease free water; e). Stained slides can be held in xylene until initiation of laser capture microdissection; f). Once removed from xylene, microdissection should be completed within 2 hours
7. Histochemical Staining: a) 75% ETOH – 30 secs; b) NF dH20 – 30 secs; c) H&E stain -10-30 secs; d) NF dH20 – 30 secs; e) 75% ETOH – 30 secs; f) 95% ETOH – 30 secs; g) 100% ETOH – 30 secs; h) Xylene – 5 mins.

FAQ 3. How do I prepare FFPE sections for Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM/LMD)?

1. FFPE Tissue Preparation
   Please Note: Formalin-fixation occurs by cross-linking proteins and nucleic acids with the aldehyde groups that not only affects the structural integrity of nucleic acids and proteins but the recovery as well. DNA can be analyzed most easily but there are greater challenges when analyzing RNA and proteins since the extraction process causes degradation of biomolecules.
   a) Tissue should be placed in 10% Neutral Buffered Formalin as soon as possible after harvesting
   b) Fixation should not exceed 24 hours at room temperature with tissue thickness not exceeding 5mm during fixation process
   c) Tissues should undergo tissue processing with embedding in paraffin immediately after fixation. Storage in ethanol or PBS is not recommended
2. FFPE Tissue Sectioning: a) Use Nuclease Free or DEPC treated water for tissue floatation bath;  b)Float sections for minimal amount of time, no more than 1-2 mins; c) Once sections mounted on slides, prop up vertically to allow water to drain away from sections; d) Air dry for about 2 hrs at room temperature. e) Do not use oven to dry sections; g). Slides can be store for up to 2 wks at room temperature with dessicant, for longer terms store at –70ºC.
3. General Staining Guidelines: a) Total staining time should be as short as possible; b) Staining dishes should be nuclease free; c) Staining solutions should be dedicated for use with LCM samples; d) Solutions are prepared with nuclease free water; e) Stained slides can be held in xylene until initiation of laser capture microdissection; f) Once removed from xylene, microdissection should be completed within 2 hours.
4. Histochemical Staining: a) Fresh xylenes (to depariffinize the sections) – 5 min; b) Fresh xylenes – 5 min; c) 100% ethanol – 15 sec;  d) 95% ethanol – 15 sec; e) 70% ethanol – 15 sec; f) Deionized water – 15 sec; g) Mayer’s Hematoxylin – 30 sec; h) Deionized water – rinse (x 2) – 15 sec; i) 70% ethanol – 15 sec; j) Eosin Y – 5 sec; k) 95% ethanol – 15 sec; l) 95% ethanol – 15 sec; m) 100% ethanol – 15 sec; n) 100% ethanol – 15 sec; o) Xylenes (to ensure dehydration of the section) – 60 sec; p) Air-dry for approximately 2 minutes or gently use air gun to completely remove xylenes;
5. The tissue is now ready for LCM process.

FAQ 4 Can you tell me the protocol for the preparation of rapid immunofluorence staining for direct laser capture of immunoreactive cells ?

1. Outline tissue with a hydrophobic pen and allow to dry.
2. Fix tissue in acetone-methanol (1:1) solution at -20 °C for 10 min. NOTE: Our experience has shown that the acetone-methanol fixation resulted in much more consistent immunohistochemistry than acetone or methanol alone.
3. Rinse slide in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) with 1% Triton (RNase free). 
4. Cover sections with 100-200 µl PBS with 1% Triton with 1º antibody diluted optimized dilution with 400 U/ml RNasin. Incubate for 5-10 min.
5.  Rinse briefly in PBS twice and PBS-1% Triton.
6. Cover tissue with 100-200 µl of goat anti-primary IgG labeled with Alexa Fluor 488 diluted 1:100 in PBS-1% Triton with 400 U/ml RNasin and 50 ng/ml DAPI. Incubate for 5 min.
7. Rinse 2 times in PBS then dehydrate 30 s in a graded series of RNase free ethanol (75%-75%-95%-95%-100%-100%).
8. Incubate in two washes of Xylene for 1 min then 5 min.
9. Remove slides from Xylene immediately prior to use for LCM and allow to air dry.

FAQ 5. Does VitroVivo provide downstream application services of laser capture microdissection?

       Yes, please send your request to: service@vitrovuvo.com. You also can visit the page of FFPE, frozen and laser microdissection sample analysis services.

FAQ 6. Can you show me some publications related laser capture microdissection in past 2 years?

       Yes, see the links below:

1. Genome-wide analysis revealed that DZNep reduces tubulointerstitial fibrosis via down-regulation of pro-fibrotic genes. Mimura I, et al.I.Sci Rep. 2018 Feb 28;8(1):3779.
2. Alternative transcription of a shorter, non-anti-angiogenic thrombospondin-2 variant in cancer-associated blood vessels. Roudnicky F, et al. Oncogene. 2018 Feb 22.
3. CrosstalkNet: A visualization tool for differential co-expression networks and communities. Manem VS, et al. Cancer Res. 2018 Feb 19.  
4. High-resolution spatiotemporal transcriptome mapping of tomato fruit development and ripening. Shinozaki Y, et al. Nat Commun. 2018 Jan 25;9(1):364.
5. Lack of Fgf18 causes abnormal clustering of motor nerve terminals at the neuromuscular junction with reduced acetylcholine receptor clusters. Ito K, et al. Sci Rep. 2018 Jan 11;8(1):434
6. Genomics-Driven Precision Medicine for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: Early Results from the COMPASS Trial. Aung KL, et al. Clin Cancer Res. 2017 Dec 29.
7. Morphological changes in different populations of bladder afferent neurons detected by herpes simplex virus (HSV) vectors with cell-type-specific promoters in mice with spinal cord injury. Shimizu N, et al. Neuroscience. 2017 Nov 19;364:190-201.
8. Macrophage Infiltration Is a Causative Factor for Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy through the Activation of Collagen Production in Fibroblasts. Saito T, et al. Am J Pathol. 2017 Dec;187(12):2831-2840
9. Defective decidualization during and after severe preeclampsia reveals a possible maternal contribution to the etiology.Garrido-Gomez T, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Oct 3;114(40):E8468-E8477.
10. Cell-specific expression of plant nutrient transporter genes in orchid mycorrhizae. Fochi V, et al. Plant Sci. 2017 Oct;263:39-45. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2017.06.015. Epub 2017 Jul 11.
11. Heterogeneity of neuroblastoma cell identity defined by transcriptional circuitries. Boeva V, et al. Nat Genet. 2017 Sep;49(9):1408-1413.
12. cGAS surveillance of micronuclei links genome instability to innate immunity. Mackenzie KJ, et al. Nature. 2017 Aug 24;548(7668):461-465. doi: 10.1038/nature23449. Epub 2017 Jul 24.
13. The integrated pathway of TGFβ/Snail with TNFα/NFκB may facilitate the tumor-stroma interaction in the EMT process and colorectal cancer prognosis. Li H, et al.Sci Rep. 2017 Jul 7;7(1):4915.
14. Interaction of reactive astrocytes with type I collagen induces astrocytic scar formation through the integrin-N-cadherin pathway after spinal cord injury. Hara M, et al. Nat Med. 2017 Jul;23(7):818-828.
15. Increased T-cell Infiltration Elicited by Erk5 Deletion in a Pten-Deficient Mouse Model of Prostate Carcinogenesis. Loveridge CJ, et al. Cancer Res. 2017 Jun 15;77(12):3158-3168.
16. Human Alternative Macrophages Populate Calcified Areas of Atherosclerotic Lesions and Display Impaired RANKL-Induced Osteoclastic Bone Resorption Activity.
17. Chinetti-Gbaguidi G, et al. Circ Res. 2017 Jun 23;121(1):19-30. 
18. Maternal smoke exposure decreases mesenchymal proliferation and modulates Rho-GTPase-dependent actin cytoskeletal signaling in fetal lungs. Unachukwu U, et al. FASEB J. 2017 Jun;31(6):2340-2351. 
19. Synaptic Plasticity onto Dopamine Neurons Shapes Fear Learning. Pignatelli M,  et al. Neuron. 2017 Jan 18;93(2):425-440.
20. Laser microdissection of tomato fruit cell and tissue types for transcriptome profiling. Martin LB, et al.Nat Protoc. 2016 Dec;11(12):2376-2388.

Example LCM Images

Example LCM Video